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The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is a standards organization that oversees global IP address allocation, autonomous system number allocation, root zone management in the Domain Name System (DNS), media types, and other Internet Protocol–related symbols and Internet numbers.
Some large / 8 blocks of IPv4 addresses, the former Class A network blocks, are assigned in whole to single organizations or related groups of organizations, either by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), through the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), or a regional Internet registry.
This is a list of countries by IPv4 address allocation. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) distributes large blocks of addresses to regional Internet registries (RIRs), which then assign them to national Internet registries and local Internet registries within their respective service regions. [ 1 ]
Internet Protocol version 4 provides 2 32 (4,294,967,296) addresses. However, large blocks of IPv4 addresses are reserved for special uses and are unavailable for public allocation. The IPv4 addressing structure provides an insufficient number of publicly routable addresses to provide a distinct address to every Internet device or service.
A regional Internet registry (RIR) is an organization that manages the allocation and registration of Internet number resources within a region of the world. Internet number resources include IP addresses and autonomous system (AS) numbers. Map of regional Internet registries
This scheme hides a large number of IP addresses behind a small set of public addresses, the same way the CPE does this locally, slowing down the rate IPv4 addresses are depleted. The shared address space contains 2 22 or 4 194 304 addresses, so each ISP is able to connect over 4 million subscribers this way.
An Internet Protocol address ... IANA assigns blocks of IP addresses to the RIRs, ... The smallest possible individual allocation is a subnet for 2 64 hosts, which is ...
Used for link-local addresses [5] between two hosts on a single link when no IP address is otherwise specified, such as would have normally been retrieved from a DHCP server 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255 1 048 576: Private network Used for local communications within a private network [3] 192.0.0.0/24 192.0.0.0–192.0.0.255 256