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The cut surface of a 3.9 × 3.5 × 2.5 cm tumor is triangular, with a bulging peripheral portion and a somewhat fibrotic center. It was surrounded by the heart, left lower lobe of the lung, aorta, esophagus, and diaphragm, and had been 1.8 cm in diameter 7 years before. Micrograph of a carotid body tumor with the characteristic Zellballen. H&E ...
Tumors of the paraganglionic tissues are known as paragangliomas, though this term tends to imply the nonchromaffin type, and can occur at a number of sites throughout the body. Chromaffin paragangliomas are issued from chromaffin cells, and are known as pheochromocytomas .
The carotid body is situated on the posterior aspect of the bifurcation of the common carotid artery. [3] The carotid body is made up of two types of cells, called glomus cells: glomus type I cells are peripheral chemoreceptors, and glomus type II cells are sustentacular supportive cells. Glomus type I cells are derived from the neural crest. [4]
An atheroma, or atheromatous plaque, is an abnormal accumulation of material in the inner layer of an arterial wall. [1] [2]The material consists of mostly macrophage cells, [3] [4] or debris, containing lipids, calcium and a variable amount of fibrous connective tissue.
A glomus tumor (also known as a "solitary glomus tumor" [1]) is a rare neoplasm arising from the glomus body and mainly found under the nail, on the fingertip or in the foot. [2]: 670 They account for less than 2% of all soft tissue tumors. [3] The majority of glomus tumors are benign, but they can also show malignant features. [4]
[1] [13] Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a promising treatment option for benign spinal nerve sheath tumors, though more research is currently needed to determine effectiveness across different tumor types and to establish adequate clinical guidelines.
29851 54167 Ensembl ENSG00000163600 ENSMUSG00000026009 UniProt Q9Y6W8 Q9WVS0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_012092 NM_017480 RefSeq (protein) NP_036224 NP_059508 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 203.94 – 203.96 Mb Chr 1: 61.02 – 61.04 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Inducible T-cell costimulator (also called CD278) is an immune checkpoint protein that in humans is encoded by the ICOS (I ...
Carotid bodies are considered the primary peripheral chemoreceptor and have been shown to contribute more to a hypoxic response. However, in the chronic absence of the carotid body, the aortic body is able to perform a similar respiratory regulatory role, suggesting that it possesses efficacious mechanisms of signal transduction as well. [5]