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The circuit judge-ships were abolished in 1802, and the Justices continued to ride circuit until 1879. One of the judges on the Supreme Court appointed by Adams was Chief Justice John Marshall. The Act also reorganized the district courts, creating ten. These courts were to be presided over by the existing district judges in most cases.
Fourteen of the sixteen circuit court judges appointed by Adams were to positions created at the end of his tenure in office, in the Judiciary Act of 1801, 2 Stat. 89, which became known as the Midnight Judges Act. All of these offices were abolished by the repeal of this Act on July 1, 1802, by 2 Stat. 132.
William Marbury (November 7, 1762 [1] – March 13, 1835 [2]) was a highly successful American businessman and one of the "Midnight Judges" appointed by United States President John Adams the day before he left office. He was the plaintiff in the landmark 1803 Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison.
Thomas Jefferson. Following is a list of all Article III United States federal judges appointed by President Thomas Jefferson during his presidency. [1] In total Jefferson appointed 19 Article III federal judges, including 3 Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States, 7 judges to the United States circuit courts, and 9 judges to the United States district courts.
Supreme Court of the United States Marshall Court Ellsworth Court ← → Taney Court Chief Justice John Marshall February 4, 1801 – July 6, 1835 (34 years, 152 days) Seat Old Supreme Court Chamber Washington, D.C. No. of positions 6 (1801-1807) 7 (1807-1835) Marshall Court decisions The Marshall Court refers to the Supreme Court of the United States from 1801 to 1835, when John Marshall ...
Consequently, Marshall was charged with delivering judicial commissions to the individuals who had been appointed to the positions created by the Midnight Judges Act. [60] Adams would later state that "my gift of John Marshall to the people of the United States was the proudest act of my life." [61]
Jefferson was angered by Adams' appointment of "midnight judges". [260] The two men did not communicate directly for more than a decade after Jefferson succeeded Adams as president. [ 261 ] A brief correspondence took place between Abigail Adams and Jefferson after Jefferson's daughter Polly died in 1804, in an attempt at reconciliation unknown ...
Stuart v. Laird, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 299 (1803), was a case decided by United States Supreme Court notably a week after its famous decision in Marbury v. Madison.. Stuart dealt with a judgment of a circuit judge whose position had been abolished by the repeal of the Judiciary Act of 1801.