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PDD-NOS was one of four disorders collapsed into the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in the DSM-5, [3] and also was one of the five disorders classified as a pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) in the DSM-IV. [4] The ICD-10 equivalents also became part of its definition of autism spectrum disorder, as of the ICD-11.
Approximately 8 in 10 people with autism have a mental health problem in their lifetime, in comparison to 1 in 4 of the general population. [132] [133] [134] A 2019 meta-analysis found autistic people to be four times more likely to have depression than non-autistic people, with approximately 40% of autistic adults having depression. [135]
Classic autism, also known as childhood autism, autistic disorder, or Kanner's syndrome, is a formerly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder first described by Leo Kanner in 1943.
The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) is a standardized diagnostic test for assessing autism spectrum disorder.The protocol consists of a series of structured and semi-structured tasks that involve social interaction between the examiner and the person under assessment.
The term "high-functioning autism" was used in a manner similar to Asperger syndrome, another outdated classification.The defining characteristic recognized by psychologists was a significant delay in the development of early speech and language skills, before the age of three years. [12]
Educational interventions attempt to help children not only to learn academic subjects and gain traditional readiness skills, but also to improve functional communication and spontaneity, enhance social skills such as joint attention, develop cognitive skills such as symbolic play, reduce disruptive behavior, and generalize learned skills by applying them to new situations.
This is a list of mental disorders as defined in the DSM-IV, the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.Published by the American Psychiatry Association (APA), it was released in May 1994, [1] superseding the DSM-III-R (1987).
Autism Speaks Inc. is an American non-profit autism awareness organization and the largest autism research organization in the United States. [4] [5] [6] It sponsors autism research and conducts awareness and outreach activities aimed at families, governments, and the public. [4]