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A space telescope (also known as space observatory) is a telescope in outer space used to observe astronomical objects. Suggested by Lyman Spitzer in 1946, the first operational telescopes were the American Orbiting Astronomical Observatory, OAO-2 launched in 1968, and the Soviet Orion 1 ultraviolet telescope aboard space station Salyut 1 in 1971
The first satellite to carry a living animal, a dog named Laika. 508 kg (1,118 lb) December 6 ... Was the first space-borne gamma-ray telescope. Limited Battery Power ...
This list of space telescopes (astronomical space observatories) is grouped by major frequency ranges: gamma ray, x-ray, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, microwave, and radio. Telescopes that work in multiple frequency bands are included in all of the appropriate sections.
OAO-B carried a 38 in (97 cm) ultraviolet telescope, and should have provided spectra of fainter objects than had previously been observable. [4] The satellite was launched on 30 November 1970 with "the largest space telescope ever launched", [5] but never made it into orbit. The payload fairing did not separate properly during ascent and the ...
First artificial satellite around another world (the Moon). USSR Luna 10: 23 August 1966: First picture of Earth from another astronomical object (the Moon). First probe to map the Moon. USA Lunar Orbiter 1 [20] 26 January 1967 First sounding rocket launch from Antarctica, a Dragon rocket from the Dumont-d'Urville Antarctic Base. France Dragon ...
2007 – First light at Gran Telescopio de Canarias (GTC), in Spain, the largest optical telescope in the world with an effective diameter of 10.4 meters. 2021 — James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) , was launched 25 December 2021 on an ESA Ariane 5 rocket from Kourou, French Guiana and will succeed the Hubble Space Telescope as NASA's flagship ...
Uhuru was the first satellite launched specifically for the purpose of X-ray astronomy.It was also known as the X-ray Explorer Satellite, SAS-A (for Small Astronomy Satellite A, the first of the three-spacecraft SAS series), SAS 1, or Explorer 42.
To effectively work in the infrared domain, a telescope must be cooled to cryogenic temperatures. In IRAS's case, 73 kilograms (161 lb) of superfluid helium kept the telescope at a temperature of 2 K (−271 °C; −456 °F), keeping the satellite cool by evaporation. IRAS was the first use of superfluids in space. [11]