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The Moon is the only extraterrestrial body for which we have samples with a known geologic context. A handful of lunar meteorites have been recognized on Earth, though their source craters on the Moon are unknown. A substantial portion of the lunar surface has not been explored, and a number of geological questions remain unanswered.
The crater Webb, as seen from Lunar Orbiter 1. Several smaller craters can be seen in and around Webb. Side view of the crater Moltke taken from Apollo 10. Lunar craters are impact craters on Earth's Moon. The Moon's surface has many craters, all of which were formed by impacts.
The following reference sites were also used during the assembly of the crater information. Astronomica Langrenus — Italian Lunar Web Site; Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature; Moon map. List of craters on the Moon; Lunar Atlases at the Lunar & Planetary Institute Digital Lunar Orbiter Photographic Atlas of the Moon; Lunar Nomenclature
The Pre-Nectarian period is defined from the point at which the lunar crust formed, to the time of the Nectaris impact event. Nectaris is a multi-ring impact basin that formed on the near side of the Moon, and its ejecta blanket serves as a useful stratigraphic marker. 30 impact basins from this period are recognized, the oldest of which is the South Pole–Aitken basin.
The surface around Tycho is replete with craters of various sizes, many overlapping still older craters. Some of the smaller craters are secondary craters formed from larger chunks of ejecta from Tycho. It is one of the Moon's brightest craters, [3] with a diameter of 85 km (53 mi) [4] and a depth of 4,700 m (15,400 ft). [1]
The huge indent, called the 'imbrue basin,' stretches across 750 miles.
When we gaze up at the sky and look at the moon, we often assume she's got the same marks on her face that she's always had -- but we'd be wrong.
The lunar south pole features a region with crater rims exposed to near constant solar illumination, where the craters' interior are permanently shaded from sunlight, allowing for natural trapping and collection of water ice that could be mined in the future. Water molecules (H 2 O) can be broken down to form molecular hydrogen (H