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Symbol of Mesha month. Meṣa, or Mesha (मेष), is a month in the Indian solar calendar. [1] [2] It corresponds to the zodiacal sign of Aries, and overlaps with about the second half of April and about the first half of May in the Gregorian calendar. [1] Generally Mesha month starts on 13th or 14th of April, called as Mesha Sankranti.
The solar months are named differently in different regional calendars. While the Malayalam calendar broadly retains the phonetic Sanskrit names, the Bengali and Tamil calendars repurpose the Sanskrit lunar month names (Chaitra, Vaishaka etc.) as follows: The Tamil calendar replaces Mesha, Vrisha etc. with Chithirai, Vaigasi etc.
It stands to reason that during the original naming of these months—whenever that happened—they were indeed based on the nakshatras that coincided with them in some manner. The modern Indian national calendar is a solar calendar, much like the Gregorian calendar wherein solstices and equinoxes fall on the same date(s) every year.
Aries itself was known as "Aja" and "Mesha". [17] In Hebrew astronomy Aries was named " Taleh "; it signified either Simeon or Gad , and generally symbolizes the "Lamb of the World". The neighboring Syrians named the constellation "Amru", and the bordering Turks named it "Kuzi". [ 17 ]
The 5th century Silappadhigaaram mentions the 12 rāsigal or zodiac signs that correspond to the Tamil months starting with Mesha/Chittirai in mid-April. [8] The Manimekalai alludes to this very same Hindu solar calendar as we know it today [ 9 ] Adiyarkunalaar, an early medieval commentator or Urai-asiriyar mentions the twelve months of the ...
Mesha Sankranti: Marks the beginning of the New Year in the traditional Hindu Solar Calendar. On this day, the sun enters the sidereal Aries , or Mesha Râshi. It generally falls on 14/15 April.
In Gujarat, the regional year commences with the lunar month of Kartika after Diwali. [13] The solar element of lunisolar calendars begin the year on Mesha Sankranti. This day is observed by people across India, even in regions which begin the new year using the lunar calendar. However, some regions also begin the regional new year on Mesha ...
Vaisakhi falls on the first day of the Vaisakh month and marks the sun's entry to the Mesha Rasi (Mesha Sankranti) marking the solar transition to Aries. The day is also described as a sacred festival for Sikhs in India as it marks the birth of the Khalsa.