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The Khilafat movement (1919–22) ... Pursuant to Atatürk's Reforms, the Republic of Turkey abolished the position of the caliphate in 1924.
The potential abolition of the caliphate had been actively opposed by the Indian-based Khilafat Movement, [1] and generated heated debate throughout the Muslim world. [4] The 1924 abolition came about less than 18 months after the abolition of the Ottoman sultanate, prior to which the Ottoman sultan was ex officio caliph.
The Khilafat Movement (1919–1924) [40] was a Pan-Islamist [40] political movement in British India in the aftermath of World War I. [40] [41] Khilafat activists sought to salvage the Ottoman caliph as a uniting symbol of Islam, [40] [41] particularly in India, attempting to pressure the British government to preserve the caliph's authority ...
Both these two movements (Misak-ı Milli and the Khilafat Movement) shared a lot of notions on the ideological level, and during the Conference of London (February 1920) Allies concentrated on these issues. The Ottoman Empire lost World War I, but Misak-ı Milli with the local Khilafat Movement was still fighting the Allies.
A caliphate (Arabic: خِلَافَةْ, romanized: khilāfah) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph [1] [2] [3] (/ ˈ k æ l ɪ f, ˈ k eɪ-/; خَلِيفَةْ khalīfa [xæ'liːfæh], pronunciation ⓘ), a person considered a political–religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire Muslim ...
Maududi was born to a clerical family and got his early education at home. At the age of eleven, he was admitted to a public school in Aurangabad. In 1919, he joined the Khilafat Movement and got closer to the scholars of Deoband. [21] He commenced the dars-i nizami education under supervision of Deobandi seminary at the Fatihpuri mosque in ...
In 1919, while jailed for publishing what the British charged as seditious materials and organizing protests, he was elected as the last president of the Khilafat conference. He was re-arrested and imprisoned from 1921 to 1923 for his support to Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress during the Non-Cooperation Movement (1919–1922).
A caliph is the supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the caliphate. [1] [2] Caliphs (also known as 'Khalifas') led the Muslim Ummah as political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, [3] and widely-recognised caliphates have existed in various forms for most of Islamic history.