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Clinical studies using different dosages were done on histamine-induced wheal and flare reaction over a 24-h period, compared with a single 10 mg oral dose of cetirizine. [25] The results of this research indicated that bilastine was at least as efficient as cetirizine in reducing histamine-mediated effects in healthy volunteers.
One of the factors believed to cause histamine intolerance is an imbalance between uptake of histamine through the diet and a diminished capacity to metabolize ingested histamine, leading to an increased blood concentration of the amines which may potentially cause adverse effects. The primary cause of histamine intolerance is considered by ...
Although histamine is small compared to other biological molecules (containing only 17 atoms), it plays an important role in the body. It is known to be involved in 23 different physiological functions. Histamine is known to be involved in many physiological functions because of its chemical properties that allow it to be versatile in binding.
Doxylamine and other first-generation antihistamines are the most widely used sleep medications in the world. [6] Typical side effects of doxylamine (at recommended doses) include dizziness, drowsiness, grogginess, and dry mouth, among others. [7] [4] As an antihistamine, doxylamine is an inverse agonist of the histamine H 1 receptor.
Hydroxyzine works by blocking the effects of histamine. [9] It is a first-generation antihistamine in the piperazine family of chemicals. [8] [4] Common side effects include sleepiness, headache, and dry mouth. [8] [9] Serious side effects may include QT prolongation. [9] It is unclear if use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is safe. [8]
Infrequent adverse effects include urinary retention, palpitations, hypotension, headache, hallucination, psychosis and erectile dysfunction. [4] [6] [7] The newer, second-generation H 1-antihistamines are far more selective for peripheral histamine H 1-receptors and have a better tolerability profile compared to the first-generation agents ...
Other common side effects for all generations include gastrointestinal side effects, headaches and tiredness. [9] Antihistamines are generally safe to use during pregnancy with second-generation antihistamines being more preferred due to their lack of sedation. [10]
Clemastine, also known as meclastin, is a first-generation H1 histamine antagonist (antihistamine) with anticholinergic properties (drying) and sedative side effects. [1] Like all first-generation antihistamines, it is sedating. [2] [3] Patented in 1960, it came into medical use in 1967. [4]
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