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The colored glass is crafted into stained glass windows in which small pieces of glass are arranged to form patterns or pictures, held together (traditionally) by strips of lead, called cames or calms, and supported by a rigid frame.
One of the most prestigious stained glass commissions of the 19th century, the re-glazing of the 13th-century east window of Lincoln Cathedral, Ward and Nixon, 1855. A revival of the art and craft of stained-glass window manufacture took place in early 19th-century Britain, beginning with an armorial window created by Thomas Willement in 1811–12. [1]
Came glasswork includes assembling pieces of cut and possibly painted glass using came sections. The joints where the came meet are soldered to bind the sections. When all of the glass pieces have been put within came and a border put around the entire work, pieces are cemented and supported as needed. [1]
Medieval stained glass is the colored and painted glass of medieval Europe from the 10th century to the 16th century. For much of this period stained glass windows were the major pictorial art form, particularly in northern France, Germany and England, where windows tended to be larger than in southern Europe (in Italy, for example, frescos were more common).
In the Stained Glass Museum at Ely is a design for a three light stained glass window for St Matthew's Church, Surbiton. The centre light shows the Virgin Mary and the Jesus Child. The outer lights shows angels, one holds a spear pointed at the large serpent which appears at the bottom of the three lights. This was executed in around 1920.
The makers of stained glass were declared exempt from taxes at the end of the 15th century by King Charles V of France. [25] Stained glass artists also began to have a wider variety of clients; not only kings but also wealthy aristocrats and merchants. Windows were made not only for cathedrals but also for town halls and palatial residences.