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Corylus avellana, the common hazel, is a species of flowering plant in the birch family Betulaceae. The shrubs usually grow 3–8 metres (10–26 feet) tall.
The hazelnut is the fruit of the hazel tree and therefore includes any of the nuts deriving from species of the genus Corylus, especially the nuts of the species Corylus avellana. [1] They are also known as cobnuts or filberts according to species. Hazelnuts are used as a snack food, in baking and desserts, and in breakfast cereals such as muesli.
Corylus americana – American hazel, eastern North America; Corylus avellana – Common hazel, Europe and western Asia; Corylus heterophylla – Asian hazel, Asia; Corylus yunnanensis – Yunnan hazel, central and southern China; Involucre long, twice the length of the nut or more, forming a 'beak' Corylus colchica – Colchican filbert, Caucasus
The common hazel (Corylus avellana) and the filbert (Corylus maxima) are important orchard plants, grown for their edible nuts. The other genera include a number of popular ornamental trees , widely planted in parks and large gardens; several of the birches are particularly valued for their smooth, brightly coloured bark .
Hazelnuts (Corylus spp.), most commercial varieties of which descend from the European hazelnut (Corylus avellana). [17] Hazelnuts are used to make pralines, in the popular Nutella spread, in liqueurs, and in many other foods. American hazelnut (Corylus americana), appealing for breeding because of its relative hardiness. [17]
Corylus americana is cultivated as an ornamental plant for native plant gardens, and in wildlife gardens to attract and keep fauna in an area. There are cultivated hybrids of Corylus americana with Corylus avellana which aim to combine the larger nuts of the latter with the former's resistance to a North American fungus Cryptosporella anomala. [12]
Corylus avellana: In many European woodlands, at the edges of woods or in mature hedges: Hazelnuts (from late August to October), edible raw or processed [5] Hawthorn, may-tree: Crataegus monogyna: Native to Europe, northwest Africa and western Asia; naturalized elsewhere: Leaves (when young, in April), edible raw as a salad vegetable
Atlantic hazelwood is hazel (Corylus avellana) dominated temperate rainforest that occurs on the hyperoceanic western fringe of Europe, in particular on the west coasts of Scotland and Ireland. It is considered to be a type of climax scrub. It occurs in exposed, coastal situations where thin soils and strong winds prevent the establishment of ...