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A white point (often referred to as reference white or target white in technical documents) is a set of tristimulus values or chromaticity coordinates that serve to define the color "white" in image capture, encoding, or reproduction. [1] Depending on the application, different definitions of white are needed to give acceptable results.
Since D65 represents white light, its coordinates are also a white point, corresponding to a correlated color temperature of 6504 K. Rec. 709, used in HDTV systems, truncates the CIE 1931 coordinates to x=0.3127, y=0.329.
A list of standardized illuminants, their CIE chromaticity coordinates (x,y) of a perfectly reflecting (or transmitting) diffuser, and their correlated color temperatures (CCTs) are given below. The CIE chromaticity coordinates are given for both the 2 degree field of view (1931) and the 10 degree field of view (1964). [ 1 ]
Some color spaces separate the three dimensions of color into one luminance dimension and a pair of chromaticity dimensions. For example, the white point of an sRGB display is an x, y chromaticity of (0.3127, 0.3290), where x and y coordinates are used in the xyY space.
The white point, which defaults to D50, can be changed by ICC profile. CIELAB D50 is available in ICC profiles as a profile connection space named "Lab color space". [2] CIELAB (any white point) is a supported color space in TIFF image files. [17] CIELAB (any white point) is available in PDF documents, where it is called the "Lab color space ...
A comparison between a typical normalized M cone's spectral sensitivity and the CIE 1931 luminosity function for a standard observer in photopic vision. In the CIE 1931 model, Y is the luminance, Z is quasi-equal to blue (of CIE RGB), and X is a mix of the three CIE RGB curves chosen to be nonnegative (see § Definition of the CIE XYZ color space).
A chromaticity is a color projected into a two-dimensional space that ignores brightness. For example, the standard CIE XYZ color space projects directly to the corresponding chromaticity space specified by the two chromaticity coordinates known as x and y, making the familiar chromaticity diagram shown in the figure. The Planckian locus, the ...
where , , and are the color-balanced tristimulus values; , , and are the tristimulus values of the viewing illuminant (the white point to which the image is being transformed to conform to); ′, ′, and ′ are the tristimulus values of an object believed to be white in the un-color-balanced image, and ′, ′, and ′ are the tristimulus ...