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Poland and Canada were the first countries to recognize Ukraine's independence, both on 2 December 1991. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] [ 14 ] On the same day (2 December) it was reported during the late-evening airing of the television news program Vesti that the President of the Russian SFSR , Boris Yeltsin, had recognized Ukraine's independence.
"Law of Ukraine N 1660-XII on organization of referendum" (in Ukrainian). 11 October 1991. "Law of Ukraine N 1661-XII on text for referendum" (in Ukrainian). 11 October 1991. "The funeral of the empire", Leonid Kravchuk, Zerkalo Nedeli (Mirror Weekly), 23 August – 1 September 2001. Available online in Russian [permanent dead link ] and in ...
December 8 – In the Białowieża Forest Nature Reserve in Belarus, the leaders of Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine sign an agreement officially ending the Soviet Union and establishing the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in its place. [4] [5] December 12 – Ukraine becomes the first post-Soviet republic to decriminalize homosexuality. [6]
Ukraine became independent when the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991. This started a period of transition to a market economy, in which Ukraine suffered an eight-year recession. [16] Subsequently however, the economy experienced a high increase in GDP growth until it plunged during the Great Recession. [17]
The resolution of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR on adopting the Declaration of Independence of Ukraine, 1991. 1991 brought further victories for Rukh and the protest movement. On 17 March 1991 Ukraine's declaration of state sovereignty was confirmed in a referendum, with 81.69% voting in favour. [25]
On 5 July 1991, the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR passed a law establishing the post of the "President of the Ukrainian SSR". The title was changed to "President of Ukraine" upon the proclamation of independence on 24 August 1991, simultaneously making then-Speaker of the parliament Leonid Kravchuk acting president.
Presidential elections were held in Ukraine on 1 December 1991, [1] the first direct presidential elections in the country's history. Leonid Kravchuk, the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada and de facto acting president, ran as an independent candidate and was elected for a five-year term with 62% of the vote.
A referendum on autonomy was held in the Crimean Oblast of the Ukrainian SSR on 20 January 1991, [1] two months before the 1991 All-Union referendum. Voters were asked whether they wanted to re-establish the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, which had been abolished in 1945. The proposal was approved by 94% of voters.