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The client sends an HTTP request (method GET, version ≥ 1.1) and the server returns an HTTP response with status code 101 (Switching Protocols) on success.This means a WebSocket server can use the same port as HTTP (80) and HTTPS (443) because the handshake is compatible with HTTP.
Handshaking is a technique of communication between two entities. However, within TCP/IP RFCs, the term "handshake" is most commonly used to reference the TCP three-way handshake. For example, the term "handshake" is not present in RFCs covering FTP or SMTP. One exception is Transport Layer Security, TLS, setup, FTP RFC 4217.
PAP authentication is only done at the time of the initial link establishment, and verifies the identity of the client using a two-way handshake. Client sends username and password. This is sent repeatedly until a response is received from the server. Server sends authentication-ack (if credentials are OK) or authentication-nak (otherwise) [2]
When a device leaves the network, the GTK also needs to be updated. This is to prevent the device from receiving any more multicast or broadcast messages from the AP. To handle the updating, 802.11i defines a Group Key Handshake that consists of a two-way handshake: The AP sends the new GTK to each STA in the network.
TCP is connection-oriented, meaning that sender and receiver firstly need to establish a connection based on agreed parameters; they do this through three-way handshake procedure. [1] The server must be listening (passive open) for connection requests from clients before a connection is established.
CHAP is an authentication scheme originally used by Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) servers to validate the identity of remote clients. CHAP periodically verifies the identity of the client by using a three-way handshake. This happens at the time of establishing the initial link (LCP), and may happen again at any time afterwards.
Mutual authentication or two-way authentication (not to be confused with two-factor authentication) refers to two parties authenticating each other at the same time in an authentication protocol. It is a default mode of authentication in some protocols ( IKE , SSH ) and optional in others ( TLS ).
Initially, devices associate with the Access Point (AP) via an association request. This is followed by a 4-way handshake, a crucial step ensuring both the client and AP have the correct Pre-Shared Key (PSK) without actually transmitting it. During this handshake, a Pairwise Transient Key (PTK) is generated for secure data exchange. [12]