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A close order formation is a military tactical formation in which soldiers are close together and regularly arranged for the tactical concentration of force. It was used by heavy infantry in ancient warfare , as the basis for shield wall and phalanx tactics, to multiply their effective weight of arms by their weight of numbers.
The phoulkon (Greek: φοῦλκον), in Latin fulcum, was an infantry formation utilized by the military of the late Roman and Byzantine Empire. It is a formation in which an infantry formation closes ranks and the first two or three lines form a shield wall while those behind them hurl projectiles. It was used in both offensive and defensive ...
ADP 1 (FM 1) ADP 1, The Army: 17 September 2012 [4] This publication supersedes FM 1, 14 June 2005. Raymond T. Odierno INACTIVE: FM 1: FM 1, The Army: 14 June 2005 [5] This publication supersedes FM 1, 14 June 2001. Peter J. Schoomaker: INACTIVE: FM 1: FM 1, The Army: 14 June 2001 [6] This publication supersedes FM 100–1, 14 June 1994. Eric K ...
A file formation is used for close terrain, often in dense vegetation or when there is low visibility. The file formation is easiest to control, and provides fire to the ranks should an ambush from the side occur. Diamond: Similar to the Wedge and inverted wedge, the diamond formation allows for the fourth section to follow the lead element.
This is a list of current formations of the United States Army, which is constantly changing as the Army changes its structure over time. Due to the nature of those changes, specifically the restructuring of brigades into autonomous modular brigades, debate has arisen as to whether brigades are units or formations; for the purposes of this list, brigades are currently excluded.
The 1976 edition of FM100-5 was the inaugural publication of the United States Army Training and Doctrine Command. [6] [7] AirLand Battle was first promulgated in the 1982 version of FM 100-5, [8] and revised the FM 100-5 version of 1986. [9] [10] By 1993 the Army had seen off the Soviet threat and moved on. [11] [12]
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A depiction of a Napoleonic-era British infantry square at the Battle of Quatre Bras, Belgium, 1815.. An infantry square, also known as a hollow square, was a historic close order formation used in combat by infantry units, usually when threatened with cavalry attack. [1]