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The workhouse system was abolished in the UK by the same Act on 1 April 1930, but many workhouses, renamed Public Assistance Institutions, continued under the control of local county councils. [98] At the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939 almost 100,000 people were accommodated in the former workhouses, 5,629 of whom were children. [99]
A single English workhouse contains more that justly calls for condemnation than is found in the very worst prisons or public lunatic asylums that I have seen. The workhouse, as now organised, is a reproach and disgrace to England; nothing corresponding to it is found throughout the whole continent of Europe.
1847 - The Poor Law Commission is abolished and replaced by the Poor Law Board; 1848 - The Huddersfield workhouse scandal occurs. 1865 - The Union Chargeability Act 1865 is passed; 1867 - The Second Reform Act; 1871 - The Local Government Board takes the powers of the Poor Law Board
Workhouses were officially abolished by the Local Government Act 1929, [101] and between 1929 and 1930 Poor Law Guardians, the "workhouse test" and the term "pauper" disappeared. The Unemployment Assistance Board was set up in 1934 to deal with those not covered by the earlier National Insurance Act 1911 passed by the Liberals, and by 1937 the ...
The Local Government Act 1929 abolished poor law unions and transferred the administration of poor relief to local government, leaving the poor law system largely redundant. In 1934 the Unemployment Assistance Board gained responsibility for the unemployed, and from 1945-1948 the modern welfare state was introduced, including the National ...
People queuing at S. Marylebone workhouse circa 1900. In England, Wales and Ireland (but not in Scotland), [1] "workhouse" has been the more common term.Before the introduction of the Poor Laws, each parish would maintain its own workhouse; often these would be simple farms with the occupants dividing their time between working the farm and being employed on maintaining local roads and other ...
Until the mid-19th century, debtors' prisons (usually similar in form to locked workhouses) were a common way to deal with unpaid debt in Western Europe. [1] Destitute people who were unable to pay a court-ordered judgment would be incarcerated in these prisons until they had worked off their debt via labour or secured outside funds to pay the ...
Belfast Union Workhouse was established along with the Poor Law Union under the Poor Relief (Ireland) Act 1838 (1 & 2 Vict. c. 56). The buildings on Lisburn Road in Belfast were designed by George Wilkinson, who, having designed many workhouses in England, had now become the architect for the Poor Law Commission in Ireland. [3]