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The type species is the common quail (Coturnix coturnix). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The genus name is the Latin for the common quail . [ 4 ] The genus contains six species, of which one, the New Zealand quail ( Coturnix novaezelandiae ), is now extinct but was described from a living specimen. [ 5 ]
Eggs are generally mottled with a background color ranging from white to blue to pale brown. [11] Depending on the strain of the Japanese quail, eggs can weigh anywhere from 8 to 13 grams, though the accepted average weight is 10 grams. [11] [23] Age seems to play a role in the size of eggs produced as older females tend to lay larger eggs. [23]
The specific epithet coturnix is the Latin word for the common quail. [3] This species is now placed in the genus Coturnix that was introduced in 1764 by the French naturalist François Alexandre Pierre de Garsault. [4] [5] [6] The common quail was formerly considered to be conspecific with the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). [7]
The northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus), also known as the Virginia quail or (in its home range) bobwhite quail, is a ground-dwelling bird native to Canada, the United States, Mexico, and Cuba, with introduced populations elsewhere in the Caribbean, Europe, and Asia. It is a member of the group of species known as New World quail ...
The king quail, an Old World quail, often is sold in the pet trade, and within this trade is commonly, though mistakenly, referred to as a "button quail". Many of the common larger species are farm-raised for table food or egg consumption , and are hunted on game farms or in the wild, where they may be released to supplement the wild population ...
Both Button and Coturnix quail have different feather coloring due to years of breeding. The common and wild Coturnix quail color is the Pharaoh breed, which is a brown feather color. The Button quail has a red belly, blue body, black and white head, and a brown back all in one (only present in males; females are a brown color all over).