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When an inline formula is long enough, it can be helpful to allow it to break across lines. Whether using LaTeX or templates, split the formula at each acceptable breakpoint into separate <math> tags or {} templates with any binary relations or operators and intermediate whitespace included at the trailing rather than leading end of a part.
Given a function : into an abelian topological group , define for every , = {, =, a function whose support is a singleton {}. Then f = ∑ a ∈ X f a {\displaystyle f=\sum _{a\in X}f_{a}} in the topology of pointwise convergence (that is, the sum is taken in the infinite product group Y X {\displaystyle \textstyle Y^{X}} ).
The natural logarithm function, if considered as a real-valued function of a positive real variable, is the inverse function of the exponential function, leading to the identities: = + = Like all logarithms, the natural logarithm maps multiplication of positive numbers into addition: [ 5 ] ln ( x ⋅ y ) = ln x + ln y ...
The derivative of ln(x) is 1/x; this implies that ln(x) is the unique antiderivative of 1/x that has the value 0 for x = 1. It is this very simple formula that motivated to qualify as "natural" the natural logarithm; this is also one of the main reasons of the importance of the constant e.
This striking formula is one of the so-called explicit formulas of number theory, and is already suggestive of the result we wish to prove, since the term x (claimed to be the correct asymptotic order of ψ(x)) appears on the right-hand side, followed by (presumably) lower-order asymptotic terms.
On the other hand, the function / cannot be continuously extended, because the function approaches as approaches 0 from below, and + as approaches 0 from above, i.e., the function not converging to the same value as its independent variable approaching to the same domain element from both the positive and negative value sides.
The definition of e x as the exponential function allows defining b x for every positive real numbers b, in terms of exponential and logarithm function. Specifically, the fact that the natural logarithm ln(x) is the inverse of the exponential function e x means that one has = () = for every b > 0.
This formula indicates that when taking any positive integer n and dividing it by each positive integer k less than n, the average fraction by which the quotient n/k falls short of the next integer tends to γ (rather than 0.5) as n tends to infinity. Closely related to this is the rational zeta series expression. By taking separately the first ...