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Hydrocolloid dressings are used to treat uninfected wounds. [6] Dressings may be used, under medical supervision, even where aerobic infection is present; the infection should be treated appropriately. [citation needed] The dressing is applied to a cleaned wound. Hydrocolloid patches are sometimes used on the face for acne.
Carrel and Dakin used a variety of apparatuses to infuse the solution continuously over the wounds. In modern typical usage, the solution is applied to the wound once daily for lightly to moderately exudative wounds, and twice daily for heavily exudative wounds or highly contaminated wounds.
Timing is important to wound healing. Critically, the timing of wound re-epithelialization can decide the outcome of the healing. [11] If the epithelization of tissue over a denuded area is slow, a scar will form over many weeks, or months; [12] [13] If the epithelization of a wounded area is fast, the healing will result in regeneration.
Dressings can also regulate the chemical environment of a wound, usually with the aim of preventing infection by the impregnation of topical antiseptic chemicals. Commonly used antiseptics include povidone-iodine, boracic lint dressings or historically castor oil. [5] Antibiotics are also often used with dressings to prevent bacterial infection.
Ideally, wound dressings should be changed daily to promote a clean environment and allow for daily evaluation of wound progression. Highly exudative wounds and infected wounds should be monitored closely and may require more frequent dressing changes. [33] Negative pressure wound dressings can be changed less frequently, every 2–3 days. [42]
The treatment also decompresses tissues and alters the shape of cells, causes them to express different mRNAs and to proliferate and produce ECM molecules. [2] [8] Recent technological advancements produced novel approaches such as self-adaptive wound dressings [40] that rely on properties of smart polymers sensitive to changes in humidity levels.
Hydrogel dressing is a medical dressing based on hydrogels, three-dimensional hydrophilic structure. [1] The insoluble hydrophilic structures absorb polar wound exudates and allow oxygen diffusion at the wound bed to accelerate healing. [2]