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In polymer chemistry, emulsion polymerization is a type of radical polymerization that usually starts with an emulsion incorporating water, monomers, and surfactants.The most common type of emulsion polymerization is an oil-in-water emulsion, in which droplets of monomer (the oil) are emulsified (with surfactants) in a continuous phase of water.
In polymer chemistry, polymerization (American English), or polymerisation (British English), is a process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form polymer chains or three-dimensional networks. [1] [2] [3] There are many forms of polymerization [4] and different systems exist to categorize them. IUPAC definition for ...
An emulsion is a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible (unmixable or unblendable) owing to liquid-liquid phase separation.Emulsions are part of a more general class of two-phase systems of matter called colloids.
Although they are attracted to oil, and an oil-in-water emulsion forms, the emulsion will not stay stable for long and will eventually coalesce. [10] With the addition of a polyelectrolyte, electrostatic forces between the oil and water interface are formed and the surfactant begins to act as an “anchor” for the polyelectrolyte, stabilizing ...
Mini-emulsion: emulsion in which the particles of the dispersed phase have diameters in the range from approximately 50 nm to 1 μm. Note 1 : Mini-emulsions are usually stabilized against diffusion degradation (Ostwald ripening (ref. [ 6 ] )) by a compound insoluble in the continuous phase .
Micro-emulsion polymerization: Emulsion polymerization in which the starting system is a micro-emulsion and the final latex comprises colloidal particles of polymer dispersed in an aqueous medium. Note : Diameters of polymer particles formed in the micro-emulsion polymerization usually are between 10 and 50 nm.
In emulsion polymerization, starve-fed refers to a method of monomer addition where the monomer is introduced gradually into the reaction vessel at a rate that allows the majority of monomer to be consumed by the reaction before more is added.
While third phase is a term for an unwanted emulsion, a stable emulsion is wanted in emulsion polymerization all the things which can be used to make a stable 'emulsion' for a latex synthesis can prove to encourage a third phase to form. One term for the third phase found in PUREX plants is crud (Chalk River Unknown Deposit).