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miscible polymer blends (homogeneous polymer blends): Polymer blend that is a single-phase structure. In this case, one glass transition temperature will be observed. The use of the term polymer alloy for a polymer blend is discouraged, as the former term includes multiphase copolymers but excludes incompatible polymer blends. [3]
Novel polymeric alloy (NPA) is a polymeric alloy composed of polyolefin and thermoplastic engineering polymer with enhanced engineering properties. NPA was developed for use in geosynthetics . One of the first commercial NPA applications was in the manufacturer of polymeric strips used to form Neoloy® cellular confinement systems (geocells) .
In polymer chemistry, compatibilization is the addition of a substance to an immiscible blend of polymers that will increase their stability. Polymer blends are typically described by coarse, unstable phase morphologies; this results in poor mechanical properties. Compatibilizing the system will make a more stable and better blended phase ...
That is, is the total number of polymer segments (monomers) in the solution, so is the number of nearest-neighbor sites to all the polymer segments. Multiplying by the probability ϕ 1 {\displaystyle \phi _{1}} that any such site is occupied by a solvent molecule, [6] we obtain the total number of polymer-solvent molecular interactions.
The Flory–Fox equation relates the number-average molecular weight, M n, to the glass transition temperature, T g, as shown below: =, where T g,∞ is the maximum glass transition temperature that can be achieved at a theoretical infinite molecular weight and K is an empirical parameter that is related to the free volume present in the polymer sample.
Solution polymerization is a method of industrial polymerization. In this procedure, a monomer is dissolved in a non-reactive solvent that contains a catalyst or initiator. The reaction results in a polymer which is also soluble in the chosen solvent. Heat released by the reaction is absorbed by the solvent, reducing the reaction rate.
, where ΔS is the change in entropy of mixing, R is the gas constant, Φ is the volume fraction of each polymer, and x is the number of segments of each polymer. [3] x 1 and x 2 increase with higher degrees of polymerization and thus molecular weight. Since most useful polymers are high in molecular weight, the change in entropy experienced ...
where is the volume fraction of the fibers in the composite (and is the volume fraction of the matrix).. If it is assumed that the composite material behaves as a linear-elastic material, i.e., abiding Hooke's law = for some elastic modulus of the composite and some strain of the composite , then equations 1 and 2 can be combined to give