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Cooperative learning is an educational approach which aims to organize classroom activities into academic and social learning experiences. [ 1 ] There is much more to cooperative learning than merely arranging students into groups, and it has been described as "structuring positive interdependence." [ 2 ][ 3 ] Students must work in groups to ...
Gradual release of responsibility. The gradual release of responsibility (GRR) model is a structured method of pedagogy centred on devolving responsibility within the learning process from the teacher to the learner. This approach requires the teacher to initially take on all the responsibility for a task, transitioning in stages to the ...
Collaborative learning is rooted in Lev Vygotsky 's concept of learning called zone of proximal development. Typically there are tasks that learners can and cannot accomplish. Between these two areas is the zone of proximal development, which is a category of things that a learner can learn but with the help of guidance.
Positive interdependence is an element of cooperative and collaborative learning where members of a group who share common goals perceive that working together is individually and collectively beneficial, and success depends on the participation of all the members. [1][2] In contrast to negative interdependence (i.e., individuals can only ...
Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) is a pedagogical approach wherein learning takes place via social interaction using a computer or through the Internet. This kind of learning is characterized by the sharing and construction of knowledge among participants using technology as their primary means of communication or as a common resource. [1]
The Rochdale Society of Equitable Pioneers, founded in 1844, was an early consumers' co-operative, and one of the first to pay a patronage dividend, forming the basis for the modern co-operative movement. [1] Although other co-operatives preceded it, [2] the Rochdale Pioneers co-operative became the prototype for societies in Great Britain.
A PBL group at Sydney Dental Hospital. Problem-based learning (PBL) is a teaching method in which students learn about a subject through the experience of solving an open-ended problem found in trigger material. The PBL process does not focus on problem solving with a defined solution, but it allows for the development of other desirable skills ...
Student teams-achievement divisions (STAD) is a Cooperative learning strategy in which small groups of learners with different levels of ability work together to accomplish a shared learning goal. [ 1 ] It was devised by Robert Slavin and his associates at Johns Hopkins University. STAD is considered as one of the most researched, simplest, and ...