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The reaction of the surface with a solution of diazonium salt in acetonitrile for 2 hours in the dark is a spontaneous process through a free radical mechanism: [42] Diazonium salt application silicon wafer. So far grafting of diazonium salts on metals has been accomplished on iron, cobalt, nickel, platinum, palladium, zinc, copper and gold ...
RXNO:0000021. The Sandmeyer reaction is a chemical reaction used to synthesize aryl halides from aryl diazonium salts using copper salts as reagents or catalysts. [1][2][3][4] It is an example of a radical-nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The Sandmeyer reaction provides a method through which one can perform unique transformations on benzene ...
Azo printing exploits this reaction as well. In this case, the diazonium ion is degraded by light, leaving a latent image in undegraded diazonium salt which is made to react with a phenol, producing a colored image: the blueprint. [3] Prontosil, the first sulfa drug, was once produced by azo coupling. The azo compound is a prodrug that is ...
RXNO:0000127. The Balz–Schiemann reaction (also called the Schiemann reaction) is a chemical reaction in which a primary aromatic amine is transformed to an aryl fluoride via a diazonium tetrafluoroborate intermediate. [1][2][3] This reaction is a traditional route to fluorobenzene and some related derivatives, [4] including 4-fluorobenzoic acid.
The Gomberg–Bachmann reaction, named for the Russian-American chemist Moses Gomberg and the American chemist Werner Emmanuel Bachmann, is an aryl -aryl coupling reaction via a diazonium salt. [1][2][3] The arene compound (here benzene) is reacted with a diazonium salt in the presence of a base to provide the biaryl through an intermediate ...
Since diazonium salts are often unstable near room temperature, the azo coupling reactions are typically conducted near 0 °C. The oxidation of hydrazines (R−NH−NH−R′) also gives azo compounds. [5]
The reaction proceeds through a diazonium salt intermediate formed by displacement of the chloride with diazomethyl anion.. The Nierenstein reaction mechanism. If excess diazomethane is present during the reaction, it can act as a base, abstracting a hydrogen from the diazonium-salt intermediate.
Coupling reaction. The Meerwein arylation is an organic reaction involving the addition of an aryl diazonium salt (ArN 2 X) to an electron-poor alkene usually supported by a metal salt. [1] The reaction product is an alkylated arene compound. The reaction is named after Hans Meerwein, one of its inventors who first published it in 1939.