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A case of severe gummy smile as seen in a young woman. Gummy smile, also known as excessive gingival display, is a smile that shows gum under the upper lip. It is a common clinical condition, which can be caused by an abnormal dental eruption (delayed passive eruption), hyperfunction of the upper lip elevator muscle, excessive vertical growth of the maxilla bone, over-eruption of the maxillary ...
The smile line relies on several factors, including the size and shape of the teeth, facial muscles, gum tissue, and the shape and size of the lips. Those same factors can cause a gummy smile. Gummy smiles occur because of: Abnormal tooth eruption: The teeth are normal length, but because of their abnormal eruption they appear shorter.
Gingivectomy is the primary treatment method available in reducing the pocket depths of patients with periodontitis and suprabony pockets. [4] [5] In a retrospective comparison between different treatment approach to periodontitis management based on the initial and final gingival health, conventional gingivectomy was proven to be more successful in reducing pocket depths and inflammation ...
Laser gingivectomy is a dental procedure that recontours or scalpels the gingival tissue to improve long term dental health or aesthetics. [1] Compared to conventional scalpel surgery, soft-tissue dental lasers, such as laser diode, [2] Nd:YAG laser, [3] Er:YAG laser, [4] Er,Cr:YSGG laser, [5] and CO 2 lasers, [6] [7] can perform this procedure, offering a precise, stable, bloodless, often ...
Gingival enlargement has a multitude of causes. The most common is chronic inflammatory gingival enlargement, when the gingivae are soft and discolored. This is caused by tissue edema and infective cellular infiltration caused by prolonged exposure to bacterial plaque, and is treated with conventional periodontal treatment, such as scaling and root planing.
Botulinum toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum (an anaerobic, gram-positive bacterium) is the cause of botulism. [25] Humans most commonly ingest the toxin from eating improperly canned foods in which C. botulinum has grown. However, the toxin can also be introduced through an infected wound.
Open bite malocclusion. Open bite is a type of orthodontic malocclusion which has been estimated to occur in 0.6% of the people in the United States. This type of malocclusion has no vertical overlap or contact between the anterior incisors. [1] The term "open bite" was coined by Carevelli in 1842 as a distinct classification of malocclusion ...
Haleh Abivardi, Golnar Abivardi (founders), Jürg Trepp ( CEO) Parent. Jacobs Holding, Haleh and Golnar Abivardi. Website. www .swiss-smile .com /en /. Swiss Smile is a chain of dental clinics from Switzerland. [ 1] Founded by dentists and entrepreneurs Golnar and Haleh Abivardi, the company runs branches in various locations besides offering ...