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The Ryff Scale is based on six factors: autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. [1] Higher total scores indicate higher psychological well-being. Following are explanations of each criterion, and an example statement from the Ryff Inventory to measure each criterion.
Positive psychology is a field of psychological theory and research of optimal human functioning of people, groups, and institutions. [1][2] It studies "positive subjective experience, positive individual traits, and positive institutions... it aims to improve quality of life." [3]
Cognitive reflection test. The cognitive reflection test (CRT) is a task designed to measure a person's tendency to override an incorrect "gut" response and engage in further reflection to find a correct answer; however, the validity of the assessment as a measure of "cognitive reflection" or "intuitive thinking" is under question. [1]
Stress management. Stress management consists of a wide spectrum of techniques and psychotherapies aimed at controlling a person's level of stress, especially chronic stress, usually for the purpose of improving everyday functioning. Stress produces numerous physical and mental symptoms which vary according to each individual's situational factors.
Subjective well-being (SWB) is a self-reported measure of well-being, typically obtained by questionnaire. [1][2] Ed Diener developed a tripartite model of SWB in 1984, which describes how people experience the quality of their lives and includes both emotional reactions and cognitive judgments. [3] It posits "three distinct but often related ...
Psychological resilience is an adaptation in a person's psychological traits and experiences that allows them to regain or remain in a healthy mental state during crises/chaos without long-term negative consequences. [6] It is difficult to measure and test this psychological construct because resilience can be interpreted in a variety of ways.