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The Corporation Act 1661 – This first of the four statutes which made up the Clarendon Code required all municipal officials to take Anglican communion, and formally reject the Solemn League and Covenant of 1643. The effect of this act was to exclude nonconformists from public office. This legislation was rescinded in 1828.
The four penal laws collectively known as Clarendon Code are named after Charles II's chief minister Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, though Clarendon was neither their author nor fully in favour of them. [4]
Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon PC JP (18 February 1609 – 9 December 1674) was an English statesman, lawyer, diplomat and historian who served as chief advisor to Charles I during the First English Civil War, and Lord Chancellor to Charles II from 1660 to 1667.
Charles's English Parliament enacted the Clarendon Code, to shore up the position of the re-established Church of England. Charles acquiesced to these new laws even though he favoured a policy of religious tolerance. The major foreign policy issue of his early reign was the Second Anglo-Dutch War.
A Conventicle Preacher before the Justices, painting by Robert Inerarity Herdman. The Conventicle Act 1664 was an Act of the Parliament of England (16 Cha. 2.c. 4 [2]) that forbade conventicles, defined as religious assemblies of more than five people other than an immediate family, outside the auspices of the Church of England and the rubrics of the 1662 Book of Common Prayer.
The Clarendon code is normally given as the following four acts: the Corporation Act 1661; the Act of Uniformity 1662; the Conventicle Act 1664; the Five Mile Act 1665. The Quaker Act 1662, specifically targeting Quakers, can also be cited as part of the new religious 'code'.
The Constitutions of Clarendon were a set of legislative procedures passed by Henry II of England in 1164. The Constitutions were composed of 16 articles and represent an attempt to restrict ecclesiastical privileges and curb the power of the Church courts and the extent of papal authority in England .
They were followed by the Clarendon Code (1661–65) and the Test Act (1673). In spite of the promulgation of the Toleration Act (1689), that removed many civil disabilities, the Catholics still had to face limitations in respect of property rights, succession rights and education. Catholics also still had no right to assemble and pray.