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The Low Temperature Laboratory recorded a record low temperature of 100 pK, or 1.0 × 10 −10 K in 1999. [11] The current apparatus for achieving low temperatures has two stages. The first uses a helium dilution refrigerator to get to temperatures of millikelvins, then the next stage uses adiabatic nuclear demagnetisation to reach picokelvins ...
The highest natural ground surface temperature ever recorded may have been an alleged reading of 93.9 °C (201.0 °F) at Furnace Creek, California, United States, on 15 July 1972. [7] In 2011, a ground temperature of 84 °C (183.2 °F) was recorded in Port Sudan , Sudan. [ 8 ]
However, the most kept pet species are mammals, namely dogs, cats, and rabbits. [191] [192] [193] There is a tension between the role of animals as companions to humans, and their existence as individuals with rights of their own. [194] A wide variety of terrestrial and aquatic animals are hunted for sport. [195]
The microclimate of South San Francisco is dominated by wind from the nearby Pacific Ocean, which typically keeps the daytime temperatures quite cool year round, even during the summer months. January is the coolest month with August being the warmest month. The record highest temperature of 106 °F (41 °C) and was recorded on June 14, 1961.
Through 2018, humans have reduced forest area by ~30% and grasslands/shrubs by ~68%, to make way for livestock grazing and crops for humans. [ 108 ] The consumption of palm oil in food, domestic and cosmetic products all over the world means there is a high demand for it.
Calves may be preyed on by lions, spotted hyenas, and wild dogs in Africa [94] and tigers in Asia. [33] The lions of Savuti, Botswana, have adapted to hunting elephants, targeting calves, juveniles or even sub-adults. [95] [96] There are rare reports of adult Asian elephants falling prey to tigers. [97]
Birds figure throughout human culture. About 120 to 130 species have become extinct due to human activity since the 17th century, and hundreds more before then. Human activity threatens about 1,200 bird species with extinction, though efforts are underway to protect them. Recreational birdwatching is an important part of the ecotourism industry.
By December 2019, the spread of infection was almost entirely driven by human-to-human transmission. [374] [429] The number of COVID-19 cases in Hubei gradually increased, reaching sixty by 20 December, [430] and at least 266 by 31 December. [431]