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Once bleeding has stopped, a blackish crust or scab forms while the wound heals underneath. Typically, a bruise first appears as a reddish patch, which develops over a few hours into a blue, black or purple discolouration. It may feel tender immediately after bruising, and the area may be swollen.
Subungual haemorrhage is a clinical diagnosis supported by dermoscopy. The dermoscopic features of subungual haemorrhage can include [2–4]: Homogeneous or variable colours (reddish, purple, brown, or black) Peripheral globular structures (also called clods) and streaks. Roundish shape with peripheral fading.
Purpura is the name given to the discolouration of the skin or mucous membranes due to haemorrhage from small blood vessels. Petechiae are small, purpuric lesions up to 2mm across. Ecchymoses or bruises are larger extravasations of blood. Palpable purpura is purpura than can be felt, due to inflammation of the blood vessels (vasculitis)
Achenbach syndrome is a subcutaneous bruise probably due to minor fragility of capillaries or a small vein in the palmar skin. Preceding minor trauma may be recalled in 30% of cases such as sweeping, handwashing of clothing, or cycling. There is no associated serious cause for easy bruising such as a clotting disorder or vascular abnormality.
Melanoma of the nail unit is usually a variant of acral lentiginous melanoma, a malignant melanoma arising from the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. Other rare forms of melanoma that may arise in the nail unit are nodular melanoma or desmoplastic melanoma. Melanoma of the nail unit most often affects the great toe and thumbnail ...
The most common lesions caused by non-accidental injury are bruises and abrasions, followed by lacerations, scratches, soft tissue swellings, strap marks, haematomas, thermal burns and bites. In addition, the history of the presentation may raise the suspicion of non-accidental injury, for example: Delay in seeking medical attention.
Senile purpura is a common, benign condition characterised by the recurrent formation of purple ecchymoses (bruises) on the extensor surfaces of forearms following minor trauma. It is also known as Bateman purpura, after British dermatology pioneer Thomas Bateman, who first described it in 1818; and actinic purpura, because of its association ...
Postinflammatory pigmentation is temporary pigmentation that follows injury (eg, a thermal burn) or inflammatory disorder of the skin (eg, dermatitis, infection). It is mostly observed in darker skin types (see ethnic dermatology). Postinflammatory pigmentation is also called acquired melanosis. More severe injury results in postinflammatory ...
A hamartoma is a benign (non-cancerous) overgrowth of a mature cell type normal to the site, tissue, or organ. The word is from the Greek hamartia (‘fault’ or ‘defect’) and - oma (‘ tumour ’ or ‘ neoplasm ’). In the skin, a hamartoma often presents as a birthmark (congenital naevus), but may develop in adulthood (acquired).
Dermoscopy is useful to distinguish pigmented non-melanocytic lesions from benign and malignant melanocytic lesions. There are specific features that help to distinguish these. Careful observation has resulted in the description of the dermoscopy of many non-pigmented lesions as well, which may be sometimes helpful in diagnosis for an itchy rash.