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  2. Radiation pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_pattern

    In the field of antenna design the term radiation pattern (or antenna pattern or far-field pattern) refers to the directional (angular) dependence of the strength of the radio waves from the antenna or other source. [1][2][3] Particularly in the fields of fiber optics, lasers, and integrated optics, the term radiation pattern may also be used ...

  3. Antenna measurement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_measurement

    Antenna measurement techniques refers to the testing of antennas in order to ensure that the antenna meets specifications or simply to characterize it. Typical antenna parameters are gain, bandwidth, radiation pattern, beamwidth, polarization, impedance; These are imperative communicative means. The antenna pattern is the response of the ...

  4. Antenna diversity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_diversity

    Antenna diversity, also known as space diversity or spatial diversity, is any one of several wireless diversity schemes that uses two or more antennas to improve the quality and reliability of a wireless link. Often, especially in urban and indoor environments, there is no clear line-of-sight (LOS) between transmitter and receiver.

  5. Directional antenna - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directional_antenna

    Patch antenna gain pattern. A directional antenna or beam antenna is an antenna which radiates or receives greater radio wave power in specific directions. Directional antennas can radiate radio waves in beams, when greater concentration of radiation in a certain direction is desired, or in receiving antennas receive radio waves from one specific direction only.

  6. Antenna (radio) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_(radio)

    High-gain antennas have the advantage of longer range and better signal quality, but must be aimed carefully at the other antenna. An example of a high-gain antenna is a parabolic dish such as a satellite television antenna. Low-gain antennas have shorter range, but the orientation of the antenna is relatively unimportant.

  7. Extremely low frequency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremely_low_frequency

    The World Health Organization (WHO) have used ELF to refer to the concept of "extremely low frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields (EMF)". [17] The WHO also stated that at frequencies between 0 and 300 Hz, "the wavelengths in air are very long (6,000 km (3,700 mi) at 50 Hz and 5,000 km (3,100 mi) at 60 Hz), and, in practical situations ...

  8. Wireless device radiation and health - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_device_radiation...

    Since at least the 1990s, scientists have researched whether the now-ubiquitous radiation associated with mobile phone antennas or cell phone towers is affecting human health. [1] Mobile phone networks use various bands of RF radiation, some of which overlap with the microwave range. Other digital wireless systems, such as data communication ...

  9. Non-line-of-sight propagation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-line-of-sight_propagation

    For example, this mode is used to send radio signals over a mountain range when a line-of-sight path is not available. However, the angle cannot be too sharp or the signal will not diffract. The diffraction mode requires increased signal strength, so higher power or better antennas will be needed than for an equivalent line-of-sight path.