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Barley (Hordeum vulgare), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally. It was one of the first cultivated grains; it was domesticated in the Fertile Crescent around 9000 BC, giving it nonshattering spikelets and making it much easier to harvest.
Hordeum spontaneum, commonly known as wild barley or spontaneous barley, is the wild form of the grass in the family Poaceae that gave rise to the cereal barley (Hordeum vulgare). Domestication is thought to have occurred on two occasions, first about ten thousand years ago in the Fertile Crescent and again later, several thousand kilometres ...
Hordeum pusillum, also known as little barley, is an annual grass native to most of the United States and southwestern Canada. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It arrived via multiple long-distance dispersals of a southern South American species of Hordeum about one million years ago. [ 3 ]
Cereal grains: (top) pearl millet, rice, barley (middle) sorghum, maize, oats (bottom) millet, wheat, rye, triticale. A cereal is a grass cultivated for its edible grain. Cereals are the world's largest crops, and are therefore staple foods. They include rice, wheat, rye, oats, barley, millet, and maize.
Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum, known as hare barley, [6] mouse barley, [7] and barley grass. [8] This subspecies grows in tufts from 10 to 40 cm (4 to 16 in) in height, [ 8 ] [ 9 ] and its flowers are attached to branches rather than to the main axis.
Hordeum brachyantherum, known by the common name meadow barley, is a species of barley. It is native to western North America from Alaska to northern Mexico, coastal areas of easternmost Russia (Kamchatka), and a small area of coastal Newfoundland .
The Pooideae are the largest subfamily of the grass family Poaceae, with about 4,000 species in 15 tribes and roughly 200 genera. They include some major cereals such as wheat, barley, oat, rye and many lawn and pasture grasses. They are often referred to as cool-season grasses, because they are distributed in temperate climates. [1]
Hordeum distichon, the common barley or two-rowed barley, is a cultigen of barley, family Poaceae. It is native to Iraq , and is widely grown throughout temperate regions of the world. [ 1 ] Some authorities consider it a subspecies of six-rowed barley, Hordeum vulgare . [ 2 ]