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Hayreddin Barbarossa (Arabic: خير الدين بربروس, romanized: Khayr al-Dīn Barbarūs, original name: Khiḍr; Turkish: Barbaros Hayrettin Paşa), also known as Hayreddin Pasha, Hızır Hayrettin Pasha, and simply Hızır Reis (c. 1466/1483 [1] – 4 July 1546), was an Ottoman corsair and later admiral of the Ottoman Navy.
The Barbary corsairs, Barbary pirates, Ottoman corsairs, [1] or naval mujahideen (in Muslim sources) [2] were mainly Muslim corsairs and privateers who operated from the largely independent Barbary states. This area was known in Europe as the Barbary Coast, in reference to the Berbers. [3]
The establishment of the Regency of Algiers by the Barbarossa brothers gave the Muslim corso a solid territorial base, which was organized in its beginnings for self-defence as well as holy war; described as al-jihad fi'l-bahr (holy war at sea) against the Spanish Empire and the Christian Knights who continued the work of the crusades. [1]
The capture of Algiers in 1516 was accomplished by the brothers Oruç and Hayreddin Barbarossa against Sālim al-Tūmī, the ruler of the city of Algiers, which was followed by an unsuccessful military campaign by the Spanish Empire and the Sheikh of Ténès to overthrow the newly formed Sultanate of Algiers.
While Barbary corsairs looted the cargo of ships they captured, their primary goal was to capture non-Muslim people for sale as slaves or for ransom. Those who had family or friends who might ransom them were held captive; the most famous of these was the author Miguel de Cervantes , who was held for almost five years – from 1575 to 1580.
The Regency of Algiers [a] [b] was an early modern semi-independent Ottoman province and nominal vassal state on the Barbary Coast of North Africa from 1516 to 1830. Founded by the privateer brothers Aruj and Hayreddin Reis (also known as the Barbarossa brothers), the Regency succeeded the Kingdom of Tlemcen as an infamous and formidable base that waged maritime holy war on European Christian ...
Al-Hurra split control over the Mediterranean Sea with her ally Hayreddin Barbarossa, [8] an Ottoman corsair who operated in the east while she operated in the west. [9] In 1515, she became the last person in Muslim history to legitimately hold the title "al-Hurra" following the death of her first husband Sidi al-Mandri II, who ruled
The Tomb of Hayreddin Barbarossa (Turkish: Barbaros Hayreddin Paşa Türbesi) is the final resting place of Ottoman admiral of the fleet Hayreddin Barbarossa whose naval victories secured Ottoman dominance over the Mediterranean during the mid 16th century.