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The detection window is long and can detect recent drug use within several hours. There are also some disadvantages to spray or sweat testing. There is not much variety in these drug tests, only a limited number of drugs can be detected, prices tend to be higher, and inconclusive results can be produced by variations in sweat production rates ...
While urine is commonly used for qualitative analysis, it does not provide indications of impairment since the presence of drugs in urine merely signifies prior exposure. [10] The duration of drug detection in urine varies; for instance, alcohol is detectable for 7–12 hours, cocaine metabolites for 2–4 days, and morphine for 48–74 hours.
The amounts detected were only above the level of the DrugWipe at 10 ng/ml for 70 minutes, with volunteers reporting feeling intoxicated for a further 2 hours. [7] As this 1999 DEA Bulletin shows, Drugwipe is still effective when testing 'black cocaine' even when chemical tests fail to detect it. [8]
In urine from heavy cocaine users, benzoylecgonine can be detected within four hours after intake and in concentrations greater than 150 ng/mL for up to eight days later. [108] Detection of cocaine metabolites in hair is possible in regular users until after the sections of hair grown during the period of cocaine use are cut or fall out. [109]
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Several devices have, in recent years, been developed to detect the presence of date rape drugs, many designed with discreetness in mind. One, developed by two Tel Aviv University researchers, is a sensor for gamma-hydroxybutyric acid and ketamine , but appears similar to a straw, and sends a text to the user's phone to warn them. [ 42 ]
Three high school students in Florida are breaking ground by creating straws that will be able to detect date rape drugs.
Heroin was detected in seven bills in amounts ranging from 0.03 to 168.5 μg per bill: 6-AM and morphine were detected in three bills; methamphetamine and amphetamine in three and one bills, respectively, and PCP was detected in two bills in amounts of 0.78 and 1.87 μg per bill. Codeine was not detected in any of the one-dollar bills analyzed".