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Amphetamine [note 2] (contracted from alpha-methylphenethylamine) is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that is used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, and obesity; it is also used to treat binge eating disorder in the form of its inactive prodrug lisdexamfetamine.
Amphetamine type stimulants can be used in the treatment of narcolepsy, a rare neurological disorder where the brain is unable to regulate the sleep-wake mechanism. [17] Amphetamines causes an increase in dopamine release, which is the proposed mechanism for its wake-promoting effect. [18]
Amphetamine, its salts, optical isomers, and salts of its optical isomers [18] 1105 stimulant Methamphetamine, its salts, optical isomers, and salts of optical isomers [18] 1631 stimulant Phenmetrazine and its salts [19] 1724 stimulant Methylphenidate [19] 1205 stimulant Lisdexamfetamine, its salts, isomers, and salts of its isomers [20] 2125 ...
Some of amphetamine's substituted derivatives occur in nature, for example in the leaves of Ephedra and khat plants. [1] Amphetamine was first produced at the end of the 19th century. By the 1930s, amphetamine and some of its derivative compounds found use as decongestants in the symptomatic treatment of colds and also occasionally as ...
Abilify (aripiprazole) – atypical antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and irritability associated with autism; Adderall (mixed amphetamine salts) – a stimulant used to treat ADHD
An additional mechanism of some substituted amphetamines is the release of vesicular stores of monoamine neurotransmitters through VMAT2, thereby increasing the concentration of these neurotransmitters in the cytosol, or intracellular fluid, of the presynaptic neuron. [72] Amphetamines-type stimulants are often used for their therapeutic effects.
Amphetamine – systematic reviews and meta-analyses report that low-dose amphetamine may improve cognitive functions (e.g., inhibitory control, episodic memory, working memory, and aspects of attention) in healthy people and in individuals with ADHD.
Adderall and Mydayis [11] are trade names [note 2] for a combination drug containing four salts of amphetamine.The mixture is composed of equal parts racemic amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, which produces a (3:1) ratio between dextroamphetamine and levoamphetamine, the two enantiomers of amphetamine. [13]