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  2. Trait theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trait_theory

    Trait theory suggests that some natural behaviours may give someone an advantage in a position of leadership. [2] There are two approaches to define traits: as internal causal properties or as purely descriptive summaries. The internal causal definition states that traits influence our behaviours, leading us to do things in line with that trait.

  3. Animal cognition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_cognition

    Concepts enable humans and animals to organize the world into functional groups; the groups may be composed of perceptually similar objects or events, diverse things that have a common function, relationships such as same versus different, or relations among relations such as analogies. [44]

  4. Personality in animals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personality_in_animals

    In an ecological context, traits or ‘characters’ are attributes of an organism that are shared by members of a species. Traits can be shared by all or only a portion of individuals in a population. For example, studies in animal personality often examine traits such as aggressiveness, avoidance of novelty, boldness, exploration and ...

  5. Evolutionary mismatch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_mismatch

    Evolutionary mismatch (also "mismatch theory" or "evolutionary trap") is the evolutionary biology concept that a previously advantageous trait may become maladaptive due to change in the environment, especially when change is rapid. It is said this can take place in humans as well as other animals.

  6. Natural selection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_selection

    Established traits are not immutable; traits that have high fitness in one environmental context may be much less fit if environmental conditions change. In the absence of natural selection to preserve such a trait, it becomes more variable and deteriorate over time, possibly resulting in a vestigial manifestation of the trait, also called ...

  7. Criticism of evolutionary psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_evolutionary...

    Richardon (2007) and Wilson et al. (2003) have cited the theories in A Natural History of Rape where rape is described as a form of mate choice that enhances male fitness as examples. [90] [4] Critics have expressed concern over the moral consequences of such evolutionary theories and some critics have understood them to justify rape.

  8. A new study updates Turing’s theory on how animals get their ...

    www.aol.com/animals-intricate-patterns-study...

    Alan Turing, a renowned mathematician who invented modern computing, proposed more than 70 years ago that animals got their patterns through the production of chemical agents that would diffuse ...

  9. Tinbergen's four questions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinbergen's_four_questions

    A simple example of interaction involves plants: Some plants grow toward the light (phototropism) and some away from gravity (gravitropism). Many forms of developmental learning have a critical period, for instance, for imprinting among geese and language acquisition among humans. In such cases, genes determine the timing of the environmental ...