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Christian cross variants 7th-century Byzantine solidus, showing Leontius holding a globus cruciger, with a stepped cross on the obverse side Double-barred cross symbol as used in a 9th-century Byzantine seal Greek cross (Church of Saint Sava) and Latin cross (St. Paul's cathedral) in church floorplans
Jerusalem cross based on a cross potent (as commonly realised in early modern heraldry) The national flag of Georgia The Jerusalem cross (also known as "five-fold Cross", or "cross-and-crosslets" and the "Crusader's cross") is a heraldic cross and Christian cross variant consisting of a large cross potent surrounded by four smaller Greek crosses, one in each quadrant, representing the Four ...
A symbol similar to the cross, the staurogram, was used to abbreviate the Greek word for cross in very early New Testament manuscripts such as P66, P45 and P75, almost like a nomen sacrum. [5] The extensive adoption of the cross as a Christian iconographic symbol arose from the 4th century. [6]
The Diateichisma (Greek: διατείχισμα, lit. 'cross wall') was an addition to the city walls of Athens constructed in the 280s BC. The Diateichisma was built after the Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC). It was 900m long and built across the crests of the three hills: that of the Muses, of the Nymphs, and the Pnyx.
9th-century Byzantine seal showing a patriarchal cross (seal of Niketas, commander of the Byzantine imperial fleet) Seal of Bouchard de Marly (attested 1225), a cross, quarterly four alerions Seal of Amadeus V, Count of Savoy (1249–1323), showing a knight on horseback displaying the Savoy cross on his shield, ailets (shoulder-pads) and caparison (horse covering) A section of Segar's Roll, a ...
As of 1912 Salisbury Cathedral had at least eight external crosses: three plain ones on the north wall, three on the east wall and two embossed ones on the south wall. The sacristy on the south wall and the statuary on the west frontage probably concealed the remaining four crosses. The extant crosses were carved into the stone buttresses.