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The claim that political positions can be located on a chart with two axes: left–right and tough–tender (authoritarian-libertarian) was put forward by the British psychologist Hans Eysenck in his 1954 book The Psychology of Politics with statistical evidence based on survey data. [1]
The other axis (authoritarian–libertarian) measures one's political opinions in a social sense, regarding the amount of personal freedom that one would allow. Libertarianism is defined as the belief that personal freedom should be maximised, while authoritarianism is defined as the belief that authority should be obeyed.
The Nolan Chart was created by libertarian David Nolan. This chart shows what he considers as " economic freedom " (issues like taxation, free trade and free enterprise) on the horizontal axis and what he considers as "personal freedom" (issues like drug legalization , abortion and the draft ) on the vertical axis.
English: Two-axis political spectrum chart, cultural focus on community/individual, and economic focus on community/individual. It is similar to the Nolan chart, except with less libertarian bias. Instead of the non-left-right axis being libertarian-authoritarian (as with the Nolan chart), it is individualism-communitarianism. Nolan was a ...
The scores are added for each group and can be zero to one hundred. These two numbers are then plotted on the diamond-shaped chart and the result displays the political group that agrees most with the quiz taker. The map consists of two dimensions: Progressive – Moderate – Conservative and Libertarian – Moderate – Authoritarian.
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As a term, libertarian or economic libertarian has the most everyday acceptance to describe a member of the movement, with the latter term being based on both the ideology's importance of economics and its distinction from libertarians of the New Left. [88] A diagram of the typology of beliefs in libertarianism (both left and right, respectively)
In May, the Libertarian Party (L.P.) nominated Chase Oliver and Mike ter Maat as its presidential and vice presidential candidates. Oliver is most famous for his presence on the ballot as a ...