Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
The ED 95 is the dose required to achieve the desired effect in 95% of the population. In anaesthesia, the term ED 95 is also used when referring to the pharmacology of neuromuscular blocking drugs. In this context, it is the dose which will cause 95% depression of the height of a single muscle twitch, in half of the population.
The median toxic dose encompasses the category of toxicity that is greater than half maximum effective concentration (ED 50) but less than the median lethal dose (LD 50). However, for some highly potent toxins (ex. lofentanil , botulinum toxin ) the difference between the ED 50 and TD 50 is so minute that the values assigned to them may be ...
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. [1] Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity).
This type of adverse effect that results from pharmaceutical drug exposure is commonly due to interactions of the drug with its intended target. In this case, both the therapeutic and toxic targets are the same. To avoid toxicity during treatment, many times the drug needs to be changed to target a different aspect of the illness or symptoms.
Median lethal dose: For either drugs or toxins, it is a toxic unit that measures the minimum dose that causes death (lethal dose) in 50% of cases. Median toxic dose: It is the minimum dose at which toxicity occurs in 50% of cases. Half maximal effective concentration
It is a comparison of the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes toxicity to the amount that causes the therapeutic effect. [1] The related terms therapeutic window or safety window refer to a range of doses optimized between efficacy and toxicity, achieving the greatest therapeutic benefit without resulting in unacceptable side-effects or ...
In clinical pharmacology, dose refers to the amount of drug administered to a person, and dosage is a fuller description that includes not only the dose (e.g., "500 mg") but also the frequency and duration of the treatment (e.g., "twice a day for one week").
In pharmacology, the area under the plot of plasma concentration of a drug versus time after dosage (called “area under the curve” or AUC) gives insight into the extent of exposure to a drug and its clearance rate from the body. [2]