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Anti-interleukin-6 agents are a class of therapeutics. Interleukin 6 is a cytokine relevant to many inflammatory diseases and many cancers. [ 1 ] Hence, anti-IL6 agents have been sought.
They act by inhibiting gene expression of cytokines including Interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha by binding to corticosteroid response elements on DNA. [1] This decrease in cytokine production reduces T cell proliferation. With decreased T cell proliferation there is decreased production of IL-2.
Two commonly used cytokines are interferons and interleukins. [178] Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behavior of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as passive cancer treatments.
Cytokines also play a role in anti-inflammatory pathways and are a possible therapeutic treatment for pathological pain from inflammation or peripheral nerve injury. [22] There are both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines that regulate this [clarification needed] pathway.
Interleukin 10 (IL-10), also known as human cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. In humans, interleukin 10 is encoded by the IL10 gene. [ 5 ] IL-10 signals through a receptor complex consisting of two IL-10 receptor-1 and two IL-10 receptor-2 proteins. [ 6 ]
A TNF inhibitor is a pharmaceutical drug that suppresses the physiologic response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF), which is part of the inflammatory response.TNF is involved in autoimmune and immune-mediated disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa and refractory asthma, so TNF inhibitors may be used in their ...
Cellular adoptive therapy is another alternative for these patients. The first studies with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were performed at the Surgery Branch in the National Institutes of Health. These studies used TILs grown from different murine tumors and showed in vivo anti-tumor activity of these cells
Anti-viral antibodies could be produced against viral cytokine delivery systems leading to delayed-type hypersensitivity responses, which may prevent repeated dosing. [12] There is also a large disparity in the susceptibility patients have to viral infections since viral delivery of cytokines requires transfection of host cells, which is highly ...