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Prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3, also referred to as DD3) is a gene that expresses a non-coding RNA. PCA3 is only expressed in human prostate tissue, and the gene is highly overexpressed in prostate cancer. [3] [4] Because of its restricted expression profile, the PCA3 RNA is useful as a tumor marker. [5]
Prostate cancer antigen 3 is a urine test that detects the overexpression of the PCA3 gene, an indicator of prostate cancer. [32] [46] [47] [44] ConfirmMDx is performed on tissue taken during a prostate biopsy. The test identifies men with clinically significant prostate cancer who would benefit from further testing and treatment.
Those with a family history of any cancer are more likely to have prostate cancer, particularly those who inherit cancer-associated variants of the BRCA2 gene. Each year 1.2 million cases of prostate cancer are diagnosed, and 350,000 die of the disease, [ 2 ] making it the second-leading cause of cancer and cancer death in men.
There is evidence showing that genes behaving as tumor suppressors or carcinogens could act as prognostic markers due to altered gene expression or mutation. Besides genetic biomarkers, there are also biomarkers that are detected in plasma or body fluid which can be metabolic or protein biomarkers.
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), also known as gamma-seminoprotein or kallikrein-3 (KLK3), P-30 antigen, is a glycoprotein enzyme encoded in humans by the KLK3 gene.PSA is a member of the kallikrein-related peptidase family and is secreted by the epithelial cells of the prostate gland in men and the paraurethral glands in women.
Early prostate cancer antigen-2 (EPCA-2) is a protein of which blood levels are elevated in prostate cancer.It appears to provide more accuracy in identifying early prostate cancer than the standard prostate cancer marker, PSA.
The LNCaP (Lymph Node Carcinoma of the Prostate) cell line was established from a metastatic lesion of human prostatic adenocarcinoma.The LNCaP cells grow readily in vitro (up to 8 x 10 5 cells/sq cm; doubling time, 60 hr), form clones and are highly resistant to human fibroblast interferon. [1]
Rather than continuing his medical school training, Niknafs took an extended leave-of-absence and co-founded LynxDx with Chinnaiyan and Jeffrey J Tosoian, a prominent urologic oncologist, with the intent to bring to market MyProstateScore, a pre-biopsy test using the T2-ERG, PCA3, and KLK3 biomarkers to detect clinically significant prostate ...