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Beginning with Cato in the early second century BC, politicians of the Roman Republic competed with one another by building basilicas bearing their names in the Forum Romanum, the centre of ancient Rome. Outside the city, basilicas symbolised the influence of Rome and became a ubiquitous fixture of Roman coloniae of the late Republic from c ...
In ancient Italy, basilicas began as large, covered buildings near city centers, adjacent to the forum, often at the opposite end from a temple.The building's form gradually came to be rectangular, covered with a post-and-lintel roof over an open hall flanked by columns and aisles extending from one end to the other, with entrances on the long sides, one of which would often be the side facing ...
Basilica of the Severans at Leptis Magna. In antiquity, a civil basilica was a grand public building with a semi-sacred significance, serving a variety of purposes. These structures were commonly used for court hearings, public assemblies, and, at times, for commercial activities such as shops and financial transactions.
One of the earliest Latin cross buildings in western Europe; retains few ancient features. [35] San Paolo fuori le mura (complete reconstruction) Rome: Italy: 386 Roman Catholic One of the four major Constantinian basilicas in Rome, and the only one to retain its antique character, the basilica was heavily damaged by an 1823 fire. It was ...
A view of the Roman Forum, looking east. This list of monuments of the Roman Forum (Forum Romanum) includes existing and former buildings, memorials and other built structures in the famous Roman public plaza during its 1,400 years of active use (8th century BC–ca 600 AD).
In ancient Rome, a basilica was a rectangular building with a large central open space, and often a raised apse at the far end from the entrance. Basilicas served a variety of functions, including a combination of a court-house, council chamber and meeting hall.
Both Roman basilicas and Roman bath houses had at their core a large vaulted building with a high roof, braced on either side by a series of lower chambers or a wide arcade passage. An important feature of the Roman basilica was that at either end it had a projecting exedra , or apse , a semicircular space roofed with a half-dome.
Upon relinquishing the title of Patriarch of the West in 2006, Pope Benedict XVI renamed these basilicas from patriarchal basilicas to papal basilicas. St. John Lateran was associated with the Pope, the Bishop of Rome and the Patriarch of the West. St. Peter's Basilica was associated with the Patriarch of Constantinople.