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  2. List of chemical elements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_elements

    A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z). [ 1 ] The definitive visualisation of all 118 elements is the periodic table of the elements , whose history along the principles of the periodic law was one of the founding ...

  3. Crossword abbreviations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossword_abbreviations

    Ultimate – Z (last or ultimate letter of the alphabet) United - U (Man U., common abbreviation of Manchester United F.C.) United Nations – UN; University – U or OU (Open University) or UP (in the UK one goes up to university) Unknown – X, Y or Z (mathematical variable)

  4. Element (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element_(mathematics)

    means that "x is an element of A". [1] Equivalent expressions are "x is a member of A", "x belongs to A", "x is in A" and "x lies in A". The expressions "A includes x" and "A contains x" are also used to mean set membership, although some authors use them to mean instead "x is a subset of A". [2]

  5. Atomic number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_number

    The Rutherford–Bohr model of the hydrogen atom (Z = 1) or a hydrogen-like ion (Z > 1). In this model, it is an essential feature that the photon energy (or frequency) of the electromagnetic radiation emitted (shown) when an electron jumps from one orbital to another be proportional to the mathematical square of atomic charge (Z 2).

  6. Extended periodic table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_periodic_table

    Thus element 164 with 7d 10 9s 0 is noted by Fricke et al. to be analogous to palladium with 4d 10 5s 0, and they consider elements 157–172 to have chemical analogies to groups 3–18 (though they are ambivalent on whether elements 165 and 166 are more like group 1 and 2 elements or more like group 11 and 12 elements, respectively). Thus ...

  7. Glossary of mathematical symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_mathematical...

    2. Equivalence class: given an equivalence relation, [] often denotes the equivalence class of the element x. 3. Integral part: if x is a real number, [] often denotes the integral part or truncation of x, that is, the integer obtained by removing all digits after the decimal mark.

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  9. High-Z - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-Z

    The term "high-Z" is used to refer to: Chemical elements with a high atomic number (Z) of protons in the nucleus; A high impedance electronic signal. Stars with a high redshift (Z) The High-Z Supernova Search Team; These materials are like Lead which are used for Radiation shield