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In 1842 free settlement was permitted and people began to colonize the area voluntarily. On 6 June 1859 Queensland became a colony separate from New South Wales. In 2009 the Convict Records of Queensland, held by the Queensland State Archives and the State Library of Queensland was added to UNESCO's Australian Memory of the World Register. [24]
Inscribed stone honouring an Irish prisoner in the Australian penal colony of Botany Bay. A penal colony or exile colony is a settlement used to exile prisoners and separate them from the general population by placing them in a remote location, often an island or distant colonial territory.
The history of Australia from 1788 to 1850 covers the early British colonial period of Australia's history. This started with the arrival in 1788 of the First Fleet of British ships at Port Jackson on the lands of the Eora , and the establishment of the penal colony of New South Wales as part of the British Empire .
Australian Convict Sites is a World Heritage property consisting of 11 remnant penal sites originally built within the British Empire during the 18th and 19th centuries on fertile Australian coastal strips at Sydney, Tasmania, Norfolk Island, and Fremantle; now representing "...the best surviving examples of large-scale convict transportation and the colonial expansion of European powers ...
The following is a list of Australian penal colonies that existed from the establishment of European presence in the 1780s up until the nineteenth century. [citation needed] The term colony had referred to settlements and larger land areas at that time.
In Australia, every penal colony except Western Australia had a system of convict assignment. Convicts in Western Australia were never assigned, [1] with the debatable exception of the Parkhurst apprentices. The system was abolished in New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land on 1 July 1841 and replaced with the probation gang system. After ...
The Province of South Australia, becoming the state of South Australia; The Colony of Tasmania, becoming the state of Tasmania; The Colony of Victoria, becoming the state of Victoria; The Colony of Western Australia, becoming the state of Western Australia; Parliament met in Melbourne until the federal capital could be built. [40] 1 September 1906
Throughout the European history of Australia, particularly since its formation as a penal colony, Australia has had many establishments for rehabilitation and incarceration. Altogether, there have been more than 180+ rehabilitation centres, youth correctional centres and prisons in Australia.