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Large supercomputers such as IBM's Blue Gene/P are designed to heavily exploit parallelism.. Parallel computing is a type of computation in which many calculations or processes are carried out simultaneously. [1]
In computer science, distributed shared memory (DSM) is a form of memory architecture where physically separated memories can be addressed as a single shared address space.
A multiprocessor system is defined as "a system with more than one processor", and, more precisely, "a number of central processing units linked together to enable parallel processing to take place".
Multiprocessing is the use of two or more central processing units (CPUs) within a single computer system. [1] [2] The term also refers to the ability of a system to support more than one processor or the ability to allocate tasks between them.
A laptop with an HP USB Multiseat adapter, running Linux. A multiseat, multi-station or multiterminal system is a single computer which supports multiple independent local users at the same time.
The advantage of (distributed) shared memory is that it offers a unified address space in which all data can be found. The advantage of distributed memory is that it excludes race conditions, and that it forces the programmer to think about data distribution.
In computing, multiple instruction, multiple data (MIMD) is a technique employed to achieve parallelism.Machines using MIMD have a number of processor cores that function asynchronously and independently.
In the early days of computing, CPU time was expensive, and peripherals were very slow. When the computer ran a program that needed access to a peripheral, the central processing unit (CPU) would have to stop executing program instructions while the peripheral processed the data.