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Manicures, nail polish and remover, nail biting, and repeated trauma such as typing, can contribute to nail splitting. [1] Dehydration likely plays a role. [3] Nutritional deficiencies that can result in nail splitting include iron, selenium, and zinc. [1] Some skin diseases such as psoriasis and lichen planus may feature such nails. [3]
The accessory nail of the fifth toe, also known as a double nail of the fifth toe (DNFT) [1] or a petaloid toenail, [2] is a physical trait of the small toe, where a minuscule sixth toenail is present in the outer corner of the nail situated on the smallest toe. Although understudied and underreported, its prevalence is common.
Median nail dystrophy, also known as dystrophia unguis mediana canaliformis, median canaliform dystrophy of Heller, [1]: 657 and solenonychia consists of longitudinal splitting or canal formation in the midline of the nail, a split which often resembles a fir tree, occurring at the cuticle and proceeding outward as the nail grows.
Nail clubbing, also known as digital clubbing or clubbing, is a deformity of the finger or toe nails associated with a number of diseases, anomalies and defects, some congenital, mostly of the heart and lungs. [2] [3] When it occurs together with joint effusions, joint pains, and abnormal skin and bone growth it is known as hypertrophic ...
Nail fungus can be painful and cause permanent damage to nails. It may lead to other serious infections if the immune system is suppressed due to medication, diabetes or other conditions. The risk is most serious for people with diabetes and with immune systems weakened by leukemia or AIDS, or medication after organ transplant.
After healing, the nail fold skin remains low and tight at the side of the nail. The rationale is that the nail itself is usually healthy, but overgrown by skin; when walking, the bilateral nail folds are pressed upwards, which is why narrowing the nail causes excessive recurrences, contrary to narrowing the nail fold. [6]