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The Constitutional Act 1791 (French: Acte constitutionnel de 1791) was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain which was passed during the reign of George III. The act divided the old Province of Quebec into Lower Canada and Upper Canada, each with its own parliament and government. It repealed the Quebec Act 1774.
The constitution of Quebec comprises a set of legal rules that arise from the following categories: [1]. The established provisions of the Clergy Endowments (Canada) Act 1791, also known as the Constitutional Act of 1791, pertaining mainly to Lower Canada (), [citation needed]
Constitution of Lower Canada in 1791. The Province of Lower Canada inherited the mixed set of French and English institutions that existed in the Province of Quebec during the 1763–1791 period and which continued to exist later in Canada-East (1841–1867) and ultimately in the current Province of Quebec (since 1867).
The Constitutional Act 1791 divided the colony in two at the Ottawa River, so that the western part (Upper Canada) could be under the English legal system, with English speakers in the majority. The eastern part was named Lower Canada.
On June 10, 1791, the Constitutional Act was enacted in London and gave Canada its first parliamentary constitution. Containing 50 articles, the act brought the following changes: The Province of Quebec was divided into two distinct provinces, Province of Lower Canada (present-day Quebec) and Province of Upper Canada (present-day Ontario).
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The Constitution of Canada is a large number of documents that have been entrenched in the constitution by various means. Regardless of how documents became entrenched, together those documents form the supreme law of Canada; no non-constitutional law may conflict with them, and none of them may be changed without following the amending formula given in Part V of the Constitution Act, 1982.
Articles of Capitulation of Quebec (September 18, 1759) Articles of Capitulation of Montreal (September 8, 1760) Treaty of Paris (1763) (February 10, 1763) British Royal Proclamation of 1763 (October 7, 1763) Instructions to Governor Murray; Instructions to Governor Carleton; Quebec Act (June 22, 1774) Constitutional Act of 1791 (June 10, 1791)