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Vinyl chloride is an organochloride with the formula H 2 C=CHCl. It is also called vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) or chloroethene. It is an important industrial chemical chiefly used to produce the polymer polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Vinyl chloride is a colourless flammable gas that has a sweet odor and is carcinogenic.
In polymer chemistry, vinyl polymers are a group of polymers derived from substituted vinyl (H 2 C=CHR) monomers. Their backbone is an extended alkane chain [−CH 2 −CHR−] . [ 1 ] In popular usage, "vinyl" refers only to polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
Polyvinyl chloride is formed in flat sheets in a variety of thicknesses and colors. As flat sheets, PVC is often expanded to create voids in the interior of the material, providing additional thickness without additional weight and minimal extra cost (see closed-cell PVC foamboard). Sheets are cut using saws and rotary cutting equipment.
General structure of a vinyl halide, where X is a halogen and R is a variable group. In organic chemistry, a vinyl halide is a compound with the formula CH 2 =CHX (X = halide). The term vinyl is often used to describe any alkenyl group. For this reason, alkenyl halides with the formula RCH=CHX are sometimes called vinyl halides.
Plasticizers are especially key to the usability of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the third most widely used plastic. In the absence of plasticizers, PVC is hard and brittle; with plasticizers, it is suitable for products such as vinyl siding, roofing, vinyl flooring, rain gutters, plumbing, and electric wire insulation/coating. [1]
Vinyon is a synthetic fiber made from polyvinyl chloride. In some countries other than the United States, vinyon fibers are referred to as polyvinyl chloride fibers. It can bind non-woven fibers and fabrics. It was invented in 1939. It has the same health problems associated with chlorinated polymers.
Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) is a thermoplastic produced by chlorination of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin. CPVC is significantly more flexible than PVC, and can also withstand higher temperatures. Uses include hot and cold water delivery pipes and industrial liquid handling.
The hypochlorites in liquid bleach and bleaching powder can react with ammonia to form a number of products, including monochloramine (NH 2 Cl), then dichloramine (NHCl 2) and finally nitrogen trichloride (NCl 3). Similar reactions may occur with amines or related compounds and biological materials (such as urine). The result depends on the ...