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The main symptom is pain, particularly with gripping and pinching. [7] [8] This pain is often described as weakness, but true weakness is not a part of this disease. People may also note a change in shape of the thumb. [7] [8] Some people choose surgery, but most people find they can accommodate trapeziometacarpal arthritis. [9] [10] [11]
Heberden's nodes are hard or bony swellings that can develop in the distal interphalangeal joints (DIP) (the joints closest to the end of the fingers and toes). [1] They are a sign of osteoarthritis and are caused by formation of osteophytes (calcific spurs) of the articular (joint) cartilage in response to repeated trauma at the joint.
The carpometacarpal (CMC) joints are five joints in the wrist that articulate the distal row of carpal bones and the proximal bases of the five metacarpal bones.. The CMC joint of the thumb or the first CMC joint, also known as the trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint, differs significantly from the other four CMC joints and is therefore described separately.
Dactylitis or sausage digit is inflammation of an entire digit (a finger or toe), [1] and can be painful. The word dactyl comes from the Greek word daktylos 'finger'. As a medical term, it refers to both the fingers and the toes.
Osteoarthritis usually occurs as an individual ages and often affects the hips, knees, shoulders, and fingers. [7] [11] Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that often affects the hands and feet. [7] Other types of arthritis include gout, lupus, and septic arthritis. [7] [12] These are inflammatory based types of rheumatic disease. [2]
Brachydactyly type D, also known as short thumb, [3] [1] stub thumb, [5] [6] or clubbed thumb, [5] [6] is a genetic trait recognised by a thumb being relatively short and round with an accompanying wider nail bed. The distal phalanx of such thumbs is approximately two-thirds the length of full-length thumbs.
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The next joint, moving closer to the hand, is the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint. The thumb differs by only having two bones and one interphalangeal joint. [10] The injured finger may be examined to determine where the pain is worst. [3] If the finger is sprained or dislocated, pain will be worse at the joint rather than the bone. [3]