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  2. Circle packing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle_packing

    A compact binary circle packing with the most similarly sized circles possible. [7] It is also the densest possible packing of discs with this size ratio (ratio of 0.6375559772 with packing fraction (area density) of 0.910683). [8] There are also a range of problems which permit the sizes of the circles to be non-uniform.

  3. List of formulae involving π - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_formulae_involving_π

    where C is the circumference of a circle, d is the diameter, and r is the radius. More generally, = where L and w are, respectively, the perimeter and the width of any curve of constant width. = where A is the area of a circle. More generally, =

  4. Circle packing in a circle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle_packing_in_a_circle

    Circle packing in a circle is a two-dimensional packing problem with the objective of packing unit circles into the smallest possible larger circle. Table of solutions, 1 ≤ n ≤ 20 [ edit ]

  5. Malfatti circles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malfatti_circles

    The problem of maximizing the total area of three circles in a triangle is never solved by the Malfatti circles. Instead, the optimal solution can always be found by a greedy algorithm that finds the largest circle within the given triangle, the largest circle within the three connected subsets of the triangle outside of the first circle, and ...

  6. Borromean rings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borromean_rings

    [9] [10] The link itself is much older and has appeared in the form of the valknut, three linked equilateral triangles with parallel sides, on Norse image stones dating back to the 7th century. [11] The ĹŚmiwa Shrine in Japan is also decorated with a motif of the Borromean rings, in their conventional circular form. [ 2 ]

  7. Circle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle

    The circle is the basis for the wheel, which, with related inventions such as gears, makes much of modern machinery possible. In mathematics, the study of the circle has helped inspire the development of geometry, astronomy and calculus.

  8. Packing problems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packing_problems

    Packing of irregular objects is a problem not lending itself well to closed form solutions; however, the applicability to practical environmental science is quite important. For example, irregularly shaped soil particles pack differently as the sizes and shapes vary, leading to important outcomes for plant species to adapt root formations and ...

  9. Dividing a circle into areas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dividing_a_circle_into_areas

    The number of points (n), chords (c) and regions (r G) for first 6 terms of Moser's circle problem. In geometry, the problem of dividing a circle into areas by means of an inscribed polygon with n sides in such a way as to maximise the number of areas created by the edges and diagonals, sometimes called Moser's circle problem (named after Leo Moser), has a solution by an inductive method.