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The Dust Bowl was the result of a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the American and Canadian prairies during the 1930s. The phenomenon was caused by a combination of natural factors (severe drought ) and human-made factors: a failure to apply dryland farming methods to prevent wind erosion , most ...
The term "Dust Bowl" initially described a series of dust storms that hit the prairies of Canada and the United States during the 1930s. [4] It now describes the area in the United States most affected by the storms, including western Kansas, eastern Colorado, northeastern New Mexico, and the Oklahoma and Texas panhandles. [5]
Dust Bowl in central United States (1930s) Great sparrow campaign; sparrows were eliminated from Chinese farms, which caused locusts to swarm the farms and contributed to a famine which killed 38 million people. Gulf of Mexico dead zone; Salinity in Australia; Salinization of the Fertile Crescent; Salton Sea California, U.S.
It took place in the middle of the Great Depression and Dust Bowl of the 1930s and caused more than 5,000 deaths. Many state and city record high temperatures set during the 1936 heat wave stood until the 2012 North American heat wave .
Dust storms cause soil loss from the drylands, and worse, they preferentially remove organic matter and the nutrient-rich lightest particles, thereby reducing agricultural productivity. Also, the abrasive effect of the storm damages young crop plants. Dust storms also reduce visibility, affecting aircraft and road transportation.
These immense dust storms—given names such as "Black Blizzards" and "Black Rollers"—often reduced visibility to a few feet (around a meter). The Dust Bowl affected 100,000,000 acres (400,000 km 2), centered on the panhandles of Texas and Oklahoma, and adjacent parts of New Mexico, Colorado, and Kansas. [37]
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A farmer and his two sons during a dust storm in Cimarron County, Oklahoma, April 1936; Resettlement Administration photograph by Arthur Rothstein. Farmer and Sons Walking in the Face of a Dust Storm is a 1936 photograph of the Dust Bowl taken by 21-year-old Arthur Rothstein, a photographer for the federal Resettlement Administration, while he was driving through Cimarron County, Oklahoma.