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A kick chart is a form or graph used by a pregnant woman in the later stages to record the activity of her fetus. [1] If too few kicks are felt within a specified time (usually 12 hours) this could indicate a problem. [1] A frequent question posed by midwives is how "many times has the baby kicked in the last twelve hours?"
Fetal movement refers to motion of a fetus caused by its own muscle activity. Locomotor activity begins during the late embryological stage and changes in nature throughout development . Muscles begin to move as soon as they are innervated .
Women who have previously given birth have more relaxed uterine muscles which are more sensitive to fetal motion during subsequent pregnancies. For them fetal motion can sometimes be felt as early as 14 weeks. [4] Quickening indicates the start of fetal movements, usually felt 14–26 weeks after conception, or between the fourth and sixth month.
Some degree of weight gain is expected during pregnancy. The enlarging uterus, growing fetus, placenta, amniotic fluid, normal increase in body fat, and increase in water retention all contribute weight gain during pregnancy. The amount of weight gain can vary from 5 pounds (2.3 kg) to over 100 pounds (45 kg).
Normal (2 points) Abnormal (0 points) NST/Reactive FHR At least two accelerations in 20 minutes Less than two accelerations to satisfy the test in 20 minutes US: Fetal breathing movements At least one episode of > 30s or >20s [3] in 30 minutes None or less than 30s or 20s [3] US: Fetal activity / gross body movements
The average time from delivery of the baby until complete expulsion of the placenta is estimated to be 10–12 minutes dependent on whether active or expectant management is employed. [53] In as many as 3% of all vaginal deliveries, the duration of the third stage is longer than 30 minutes and raises concern for retained placenta .
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Baby weighed as appropriate for gestational age. Birth weight is the body weight of a baby at their birth. [1] The average birth weight in babies of European and African descent is 3.5 kilograms (7.7 lb), with the normative range between 2.5 and 4.0 kilograms (5.5 and 8.8 lb). [2] On average, babies of Asian descent weigh about 3.25 kilograms ...